An Investigation of Nurses' Preparedness for Managing Road Traffic Accident Victims in Adamawa State Specialist Hospital
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Background of the Study
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major public health issue, contributing to high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), road traffic injuries are among the leading causes of death, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where emergency response systems are often inadequate (WHO, 2024). In Nigeria, RTAs account for a significant number of emergency hospital admissions, with victims requiring immediate medical attention to prevent fatalities and long-term disabilities (Adeyemi & Nwosu, 2023).
Nurses play a crucial role in the initial assessment, stabilization, and management of RTA victims. Their responsibilities include airway management, hemorrhage control, fracture stabilization, and rapid triage using standardized emergency protocols such as the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) guidelines (Eke & Bello, 2023). However, studies suggest that many nurses lack adequate training and preparedness to manage RTA victims effectively, resulting in delayed interventions and preventable complications (Olawale et al., 2024).
Adamawa State Specialist Hospital (ASSH) serves as a major referral center for accident victims, making it essential to assess the level of nurses' preparedness in handling RTA emergencies. This study seeks to investigate nurses' knowledge, skills, and response capabilities in managing RTA victims, identifying gaps and recommending strategies for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Effective management of RTA victims requires well-trained nurses who can provide rapid and efficient emergency care. However, inadequate preparedness among nurses can lead to poor patient outcomes, including preventable deaths and permanent disabilities (Eze & Okonkwo, 2023). Many healthcare facilities in Nigeria, including ASSH, face challenges such as inadequate training, shortage of emergency equipment, and lack of standardized protocols for trauma care.
At ASSH, the extent to which nurses are prepared to manage RTA victims remains unclear. Without proper training and resources, the hospital may struggle to provide timely and effective trauma care. This study aims to assess the preparedness of nurses in managing RTA emergencies, identifying barriers and proposing solutions to enhance trauma care delivery.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses' knowledge of emergency response protocols for RTA victims at ASSH.
- To evaluate nurses' preparedness in handling critical trauma cases.
- To identify challenges affecting nurses' ability to provide timely and effective care for RTA victims.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses' knowledge of emergency response protocols for RTA victims?
- How prepared are nurses in managing critical trauma cases at ASSH?
- What challenges hinder effective nursing care for RTA victims?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at ASSH have adequate knowledge of emergency response protocols for RTA victims.
- Nurses at ASSH are well-prepared to manage critical trauma cases.
- Various factors, including lack of training and resource limitations, impact nurses' preparedness in handling RTA emergencies.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the emergency, trauma, and surgical departments at ASSH. Data collection will involve knowledge assessments, interviews, and clinical simulations. Limitations may include differences in nurses' exposure to RTA cases and variations in hospital emergency protocols.
Definitions of Terms
- Road Traffic Accident (RTA): A collision involving motor vehicles, pedestrians, or cyclists, often resulting in injuries or fatalities.
- Emergency Response Protocols: Standardized procedures for assessing and managing trauma patients in emergency settings.
- Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS): A medical protocol designed to improve the initial assessment and management of trauma patients.
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